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Links

Classification

Make Your Own

Patterns in Sevilla

Cathedral in Sevilla

Real Alcazar in Sevilla

Bullring in Sevilla

All Sevilla Pictures

Patterns in Granada

Alhambra in Granada

All Granada Pictures

Patterns in Almeria

Lesson Planning

Other Helpful Links

USOAR at NIU

 

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I have been researching mathematical patterns called wallpaper patterns since I took MATH 416 at Northern Illinois University in the Fall of 2002 with Dr. Ellers. With the help of the USOAR program at Northern Illinois University, I was given a grant to study these patterns in Spain during the summer of 2003. Under the direction of Dr. Ellers, I classified most of them, and created a lesson plan to utilize with my high school goemetry students.

Wallpaper Patterns

There are 17 different types of patterns that can be created using translations, rotations, and reflections. The classification link has an organized flow chart method that will help you to classify any pattern, as well as links to what some of those patterns look like. The 17 patterns are listed in the table below as well. I was not able to find examples of all pattern types in Spain, but I hope to find examples in the future. Feel free to click on each type to see the examples I have gathered so far!!!!

p1

p2

pm

pg

cm

pmm

pmg

pgg

cmm

p4

p4m

p4g

p3

p31m

p3m1

p6

p6m

Use the other links on the left to see pictures of the beautiful structures these these patterns came from, and other pictures from Spain!

 

Teacher Resources

This topic is great for high school students. It is challenging, but not impossible. It also makes a wonderful interdisciplinary topic due to its connections with history. For information about the history of the Alhambra and Real Alcazar, see the next section. Check out the Lesson Planning link for ideas for uses in any math class. There are fully completed lesson plans with worksheets you can print out, as well as helpful links to pages that can help students understand all the various concepts that are connected with this interesting topic! There is a website included where students can create their own patterns of specific category types, and also a link to my page of unclassified pictures they can try their hand at!

 

The Alhambra and The Real Alcazar

These two amazing complexes in Granada, Spain and Sevilla, Spain respectively were the focus of my wallpaper pattern research in Spain. They both have a rich history which accounts for the many architectural influences you see in pictures of the structures. Click on the links below to learn more about the history of these two amazing palaces!

The Alhambra

The Real Alcazar


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